Restructure student-loan repayment and forgiveness
Project 2025 proposes a single redesigned federal loan program without interest subsidies or forgiveness and with borrowing limits and institutional risk sharing. Public Law 119-21 and Education Department implementation restructure repayment and borrowing, but do not complete the full proposal.
Project 2025 said
Consolidate all federal loan programs into one new program that 1. Utilizes income-driven repayment, 2. Includes no interest rate subsidies or loan forgiveness, 3. Includes annual and aggregate limits on borrowing, and 4. Requires “skin in the game” from colleges to help hold them accountable for loan repayment.
Canonical Heritage PDF, printed page 341, PDF viewer page 373. The deep link must open #page=373&zoom=page-width.
Compared with
Government did
Match: Partial Alignment
Public Law 119-21
The budget reconciliation law changed specified clean-energy tax provisions, Medicaid rules, and federal student-aid and repayment provisions, among many other subjects.
P.L. 119-21 student-loan repayment provisions
Federal student-loan repayment changes
Public Law 119-21 and implementing Education Department actions changed federal repayment plans and borrowing rules without creating the complete single-program Project 2025 design.
Action type
Federal Statute
Identifier
Public Law 119-21
Current status
Effective
In effect
Yes
Last verified
August 16, 2026
Why this match
Public Law 119-21 and implementation change repayment and borrowing but do not create the proposal's complete single-program design without subsidies or forgiveness.
How this can change
Reversibility: Difficult
Congressional Repeal Or Amendment
Changing the cited statutory provisions generally requires Congress and presidential signature or a veto override; agencies retain implementation authority within the law.
Authority: Congress · President · Agency · Courts · States
Legislative votes
Senate roll call 372
119th Congress · July 1, 2025 · Passed 51–50, with the Vice President voting yea
On Passage of H.R. 1, as amended
House roll call 190
119th Congress · July 3, 2025 · Passed 218–214
On motion that the House concur in the Senate amendment to H.R. 1
